Theodor Schwann

Theodor Schwann
Theodor Schwann
    Theodor Schwann
     Catholic_Encyclopedia Theodor Schwann
    German physiologist and founder of the theory of the cellular structure of animal organisms; b. at Neuss, 7 December, 1810; d. Cologne, 11 January, 1882. He studied medicine at Bonn, where one of his teachers was the celebrated physiologist John Müller, and also at Würtzburg, and at Berlin where he obtained his degree in 1834. His dissertation for the doctorate on the breathing of the embryo of the hen in the egg, "De necessitate æris atmosphærici ad evolutionem pulli in ovo incubato" attracted the attention of the medical world. After graduation he acted as assistant in the anatomical museum at Berlin; in 1839 he became professor of anatomy at the Catholic University of Louvain; in 1848 professor of physiology and comparative anatomy at Liège and in 1880 retired from teaching. Schwann proved that animal cells are in morphological and physiological accordance with those of plants, and that all animal tissues proceed partly from cells and are partly composed of them. He established this theory in his chief work: "Mikroskopische Untersuchungen über die Übereinstimmung in der Struktur und dem Wachstum der Tiere und Pflanzen" (Berlin, 1839). Before this John Purkinje (1787-1869) had pointed out the analogy between the nuclei of the animal cell and of the plant cell, still Schwann deserves the credit of having developed and established this theory. Kölliker's cellular physiology and Virchow's cellular pathology are based on Schwann's theory. Schwann also discovered the cells of the nails and feathers, what are called the Tomes fibres of the teeth, the nuclei of the smooth and striped muscle-fibres, and the envelope of the nerve-fibres (Schwann's envelope). Moreover, in 1836 he discovered that pepsin was the substance that produced albuminous digestion in the stomach; in 1844 he produced the first artificial gastric fistula, and called attention to the importance of the gall in digestion. He discovered the organic nature of yeast at the same time as Cagniard Latour, although independently of the latter, and proved that the yeast-cells take the material necessary for reproduction and development from the substance capable of fermentation. In a separate treatise he proved the weakness of the theory of spontaneous generation. Besides the works already mentioned Schwann wrote a number of papers for medical journals and for the reports of the Belgian Academy.
    Biographisches Lexikon der hervorragenden Aerzte, V, 315; Berliner klinische Wochenschrift (1882), 63, necrology.
    LEOPOLD SENFELDER
    Transcribed by Thomas J. Bress

The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume VIII. — New York: Robert Appleton Company. . 1910.


Catholic encyclopedia.

Игры ⚽ Поможем сделать НИР

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Theodor Schwann — Theodor Schwann, Lithographie von Rudolf Hoffmann, 1857 Theodor Schwann …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Theodor Schwann — Theodor Schwann, né le 7 décembre 1810 à Neuss et mort le 11 janvier 1882 à Cologne est un physiologiste, histologiste et cytologiste allemand …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Theodor Schwann — Not to be confused with army general Theodore Schwan. Infobox Scientist name = PAGENAME box width = image size =150px caption = PAGENAME birth date = December 7, 1810 birth place = death date = January 11, 1882 death place = residence =… …   Wikipedia

  • Theodor Schwann — Para otros usos de este término, véase Célula de Schwann. Theodor Schwann Friedrich Theodor Schwann. Nacimiento 7 de diciembre de 1810 …   Wikipedia Español

  • Theodor-Schwann-Gymnasium (Neuss) — Die Janusz Korzack Gesamtschule ist eine Gesamtschule im Stadtzentrum von Neuss. Benannt wurde die Schule nach dem polnischen Arzt, Kinderbuchautor und bedeutenden Pädagogen Janusz Korczak. Der Janusz Korczak Gesamtschule musste das Theodor… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Theodor Schwann — Friedrich T. Schwann nació en Neuss, cerca de Dusseldorf, el 7 de diciembre de 1810 .Comenzó los estudios de medicina en la Universidad de Bonn en 1829 donde fue discípulo de Johannes Müller. El nombre de Schwann se relaciona con el desarrollo de …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Theodor Schwann — noun German physiologist and histologist who in 1838 and 1839 identified the cell as the basic structure of plant and animal tissue (1810 1882) • Syn: ↑Schwann • Instance Hypernyms: ↑physiologist, ↑histologist …   Useful english dictionary

  • Theodor Schwann — n. (1810 1882) German zoologist and histologist, one of the founders of cell theory …   English contemporary dictionary

  • Schwann — steht für: einen Ortsteil der Gemeinde Straubenhardt, siehe Straubenhardt Schwann Verlag, gegründet 1821, heute Teil des Cornelsen Verlags Edition Schwann, ein Musikverlag, siehe Edition Peters Er ist der Familienname folgender Personen: Harold… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Schwann — may refer to:*The Schwann cell *Theodor Schwann, a German physiologist, histologist and cytologist *Schwann Records, a German record label ee also*Schwan (Disambiguation) …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”